The paper presents the laboratory and field test results carried out on the black cotton soil section of a proposed road between biu and maiduguri in north eastern nigeria. Soil colour is used as an important criterion for description and classification of soil. The effect of lime stabilization on properties of black cotton soil nadgouda, k. List of projects related to soil engineering 1 lime flyash soil blocks 2 plastic as soil stabilizer 3 study on soil cement blocks. Black cotton soil sample which is used for the study is taken from an area called bhimavaram which is located in east godavari district of andhra pradesh state in india. The properties of black cotton soil can be modified by stabilizing the soil with the use of additives or by mechanical means. Black cotton soil is heavy clay soil, varying from clay to loam. The properties of black cotton soil include liquid limit ranging from 3045, plasticity index from 2025 percent, the activity ratio ranges from 1. The soil is collected from patan road jabalpur mp and collects into bags and sends in laboratory for examination. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with.
Use of geosynthetic material to improve the properties of. Black cotton soil has a tendency to shrink and swell excessively. Physical and chemical properties of soil biology discussion. Pdf study of black cotton soil characteristics with cement waste.
Effect of lime on the index properties of black cotton. The chief properties of soil which are of interest to engineers are volume stability, strength, compressibility, permeability and durability ingles and. The black cotton soil used in this study is a highly plastic. Also of significance for the black cotton soil is the permeability. The design thickness of flexible pavement before stabilization is. The geology and geotechnical properties of the black. To demonstrate advantages of using geosynthetic material. The physical properties of black cotton soil bc soil vary from place to place. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil contaminated.
Various geotechnical properties of virgin black cotton soil and contaminated black cotton soil contaminated black cotton soil properties of soil virgin black cotton soil c5 c10 c15 specific gravity 2. The decision to technological usage depends on which soil properties have to be modified. Black cotton soils also called regur soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. The effect of lime stabilization on properties of black. Pdf black cotton soil modification by the application of waste. The soil prevails generally in central and southern parts of india. Black cotton soil showing low to medium swelling potential from latur, maharashtra was used for determining the basic properties of the soil. Experimental investigation on stabilization of black. Black cotton soils are expansive clayey soils associated with many problems like volume shrinkage, swelling, low. Experimental investigation on physical properties of black cotton. Pdf analysis of engineering properties of black cotton.
Black cotton soil bears undesirable engineering properties like variation in volume with change in water content. Improvisation ofgeotechnical properties ofblack cotton soils. Study of black cotton soil characteristics with cement waste dust and lime article pdf available in procedia engineering 51. Abstract the aim of this research is to investigate the effect of silica fume addition on the behavior of black cotton soil which has inadequate natural stability. Black cotton soil of american origin have bulk density ranging from 1. A study on engineering behavior of black cotton soil and. The two important compaction characteristics are optimum moisture content omc and maximum dry density mdd. Apart from this black cotton soil should be removed from the sides of the foundation and filled with sand and gravel. Here we are sharing indian soils types and features of those soils. Study of strenth charataristic of black cotton stablizing. These soils expand and become sticky during rainy season and contract during the dry season causing deep cracks into the soil. Physical and chemical properties of red and black soils of selected benchmark spots for carbon sequestration studies in semiarid tropics of india. The quarry dust sample which is used in improving the black cotton soil characteristics is taken from tekkali srikakulam. Pdf a study on properties of black cotton soil with.
Analysis of engineering properties of black cotton soil. Classification and characteristics black cotton soil in india upsc material pdf soils india. Due to considerable contraction on drying large and. Major soil types of india geologically, indian soils can broadly be divided into soils of peninsular india and soils of extrapeninsular india.
Foundations in black cotton soil civil engineering. Practical problems of highway construction in black cotton. Table 1 shows the geotechnical properties of this soil. Materials and methods black cotton soil was collected from gulbarga, in karnataka state. To calculate the compaction and permeability properties of soil when mixed with various percentages of saw dust ash. Augmenting the properties of black cotton soil using additives.
This is an expansive soil with a liquid limit of 80. Improving properties of black cotton soil with quarry dust manuscript id. After that the effect of sawdust as stabilizer on black cotton soil contaminated with 10% castor oil is observed. To determine the difference in simple black cotton soil and reinforced black cotton soil to determine value of c. Engineering properties of black cotton soil modified with. Methodology the aim of doing this work is to highlight the use of. Experimental work has been carried out with 3% and 5% of lime content. A cement lime mixture has been commonly applied for improving black cotton soils. There are also some studies indicating use of cement with sand, example ramteke et al. Improving properties of black cotton soil with quarry dust. Lime is added to black cotton soil and stabilization takes place by virtue of pozzolanic reaction. At the liquid limit, the volume change is of the order of 200 to 300% and results in swelling pressure as high as 8 kgcm 2 to 10 kgcm 2. Soil types of india alluvial soils black soils characteristics, chemical properties, distribution, divisions. The physical properties of black cotton soil and mine tailings are presented in table 1 and the chemical analysis of black cotton soil and mine tailings were carried out by adopting the standard procedures by p.
Stabilization of black cotton soil using waste pet bottles. The scarcity and rising cost of traditional stabilizers like lime and cement has led to the research into clay soil stabilizing potential of bagasse ash that is cheaper, readily available and environmental friendly and. This research study describes the feasibility of using black cotton soil as a raw material with some additional. After identifying the various properties viz plastic limit, liquid limit, plasticity index, california bearing ratio test.
Two strategies proposed for achieving stability of buildings and road construction on black cotton soils of adamawa state. The soils of peninsular india are formed by the decomposition of rocks in situ. Stabilization of black cotton soil using sodium chloride. The hydrated lime reacts with the clay particles and permanently. Table iii shows the results of the coefficient of permeability from oedometer tests.
Pdf stabilization of soils is an effective method for improvement of soil properties and the pavement system performance. Hesse, soil chemical analysis published by chemical pub. The effect of lime stabilization on properties of black cotton soil. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with various admixture to the normal. Among the in situ soils of india, the black soils found in the lavacovered areas are the most conspicuous. Characteristics of black cotton soil with cement dust and lime3,6 bc soil is considered as a very poor type of soil having black colour with very fine grain. A reaction takes place between hydrated lime and clay particles and resulting in formation of permanent strong cementation matrix. For years research personnel have tried to improve the mechanical properties of soil to suit. Analysis of strength characteristics of black cotton soil. Black cotton soils are highly expansive clay with high potential for shrinkage or swelling as a result of changing moisture content. Pdf study of black cotton soil characteristics with. Study on stabilization of black cotton soil by using stone. Expansive soil under study was collected dried and pulverized into the required sizes and tested for properties like gradation,compaction, strength as per is2720 and the results are shown in table1 and fig1 table. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil.
At the liquid limit, the volume change is of the order of 200 % to 300% and results in swelling pressure as high as 8 kgcm2 to 10 kgcm2. Pdf geotechnical investigation of black cotton soils. Properties of black cotton soil define as per bis standards and properties of black cotton soil, rice husk ash and fly ash are tabulated on table methodology. The purpose of soil classification is to arrange various types of soils into groups according to their engineering. Effect of silica fume on index properties of black cotton soil chhaya negi, r. To study the behavior of strength gain in bc soil using process of lime fly ash stabilization. Water table in the areas of black cotton soils is deep hence it is the rain water and storm water which is to be prevented from coming into contact with black cotton soil. Analysis of strength characteristics of black cotton soil using bagasse ash and additives as stabilizer kiran r. The purpose of soil classification is to arrange various types of soils. Introduction in nature, soil will deposit and toccur in an erratic manner, thus turn out an infinite variety of possible combination which will affect the strength of the soil. Classification and characteristics hello friends welcome to. These soils are generally found in maharashtra, western madhya pradesh, gujarat and parts of. Study notes on black cotton soil building engineering.
Stabilization occurs when lime is added to black cotton soil and a pozzolanic reaction takes place. This type of soil contains pure clay particles with about 85100 percentages passing through 75 micron sieve. Indian black cotton soil hyderabad was found to swell up to 60% when get saturated from dry state. Keywords soil stabilization, black cotton soil, plastic wastes, pet bottles. Introduction expansive soil black cotton soil is mostly found in the arid and semiarid regions and it cover very. The low permeability of the order of 1010 cmsec governs most of the drain age properties and causes most of the problems. The identification tests were conducted on these collected soil samples to confirm whether it is a black cotton soil or not and to know the properties of the collected soil samples. The most important characteristic of the soil is, when dry, it shrinks and is hard like stone and has very high bearing capacity. Black cotton bcsoils are known to be potential expansive soils. Table 1 physical properties of black cotton soil property observation colour black liquid limit 60% plastic limit 29% plasticity index 31% shrinkage limit 12. Physical and chemical properties of red and black soils of. The physical properties of black cotton soil bc soil vary from place to place 40 % to 60 % of the black cotton soil bc soil has a size less than 0. Black soils are highly argillaceous, very fine grained and dark, and contain a high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates.
Those soils are often referred to as regur but are popularly known as black cotton soils, since cotton has been the most common traditional crop in areas where they are found. This alternate process of swelling and shrinking results in the differential settlement of foundation which in turn causes cracks in building. When these type of soil come in contact with water, they swell and when becomes dry, it shrinks. They are very tenacious of moisture and exceedingly sticky, when wet. In india, most of indias black cotton soils occupy an estimated area of 74 million hectares.